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Dogface Soldier: The Life of General Lucian K. Truscott, Jr. (American Military Experience (University of Missouri)), by Wilson A. Heefner
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On July 11, 1943, General Lucian Truscott received the Army's second-highest decoration, the Distinguished Service Cross, for valor in action in Sicily. During his career he also received the Army Distinguished Service Medal with Oak Leaf Cluster, the Navy Distinguished Service Medal, the Legion of Merit, and the Purple Heart. Truscott was one of the most significant of all U.S. Army generals in World War II, pioneering new combat training methods—including the famous “Truscott Trot”— and excelling as a combat commander, turning the Third Infantry Division into one of the finest divisions in the U.S. Army. He was instrumental in winning many of the most important battles of the war, participating in the invasions of North Africa, Sicily, Anzio, and southern France. Truscott was not only respected by his peers and “dogfaces”—common soldiers—alike but also ranked by President Eisenhower as second only to Patton, whose command he took over on October 8, 1945, and led until April 1946. Yet no definitive history of his life has been compiled. Wilson Heefner corrects that with the first authoritative biography of this distinguished American military leader. Heefner has undertaken impressive research in primary sources—as well as interviews with family members and former associates—to shed new light on this overlooked hero. He presents Truscott as a soldier who was shaped by his upbringing, civilian and military education, family life, friendships, and evolving experiences as a commander both in and out of combat.Heefner’s brisk narrative explores Truscott’s career through his three decades in the Army and defines his roles in key operations. It also examines Truscott’s postwar role as military governor of Bavaria, particularly in improving living conditions for Jewish displaced persons, removing Nazis from civil government, and assisting in the trials of German war criminals. And it offers the first comprehensive examination of his subsequent career in the Central Intelligence Agency, where he served as senior CIA representative in West Germany during the early days of the Cold War, and later as CIA Director Allen Dulles’s deputy director for coordination in Washington.Dogface Soldier is a portrait of a man who earned a reputation for being honest, forthright, fearless, and aggressive, both as a military officer and in his personal life—a man who, at the dedication ceremony for the Anzio-Nettuno American cemetery in 1945, turned away from the crowd and to the thousands of crosses stretching before him to address those buried there. Heefner has written a definitive biography of a great soldier and patriot.
- Sales Rank: #344238 in Books
- Published on: 2010-05-05
- Original language: English
- Number of items: 1
- Dimensions: 9.25" h x 1.30" w x 6.13" l, 1.68 pounds
- Binding: Hardcover
- 400 pages
From Publishers Weekly
Lucian K. Truscott Jr. (1895–1965) was one of America's finest WWII combat commanders, building a reputation second only to George Patton as an inspiring and gifted leader. Today he is remembered only by specialists. Hefner, a retired army colonel and physician turned historian (Patton's Bulldog: The Life and Service of General Walton H. Walter), corrects that by combining extensive archival and printed sources with perceptive analysis. Truscott served in secondary theaters: the Mediterranean and southern France. But from Sicily and Anzio to the 1944 drive up the Rhône valley and the successful concluding of the Italian campaign as 5th Army's commander, Truscott showed comprehensive skills in defense and attack, in amphibious landings and mobile operations. Hefner's Truscott is not a genius, but rather the master of a craft painstakingly studied between the world wars and applied no less painstakingly in combat. He shared the hardships of his men; he drank like a Texan, and a gentleman; he never hesitated to question orders he thought would cost unnecessary casualties. To call him a faithful and consummate soldier—as Hefner does in this model general-officer biography—does Truscott no more than justice. 15 illus.; 23 maps. (May)
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Review
“Heefner sheds much new light in this fine work of original scholarship. Dogface Soldier may well be the most important military biography since Carlo D’Este’s well- received portrait of Eisenhower.”—John C. McManus, author of The 7th Infantry Regiment: Combat in an Age of Terror
“Lucian Truscott has long been thought of as one of the U.S. Army’s most competent commanders, yet, until now, he has fallen into relative obscurity. Wilson Heefner brings Truscott back to life with a first-rate biography that is richly researched and very engaging. Well done!”—Mitchell A. Yockelson, author of Borrowed Soldiers: Americans Under British Command, 1918
Wilson Heefner has produced a well crafted, deeply researched account of the military career of Lucian K. Truscott, Jr., a World War II division, corps, and army commander, and arguably the U.S. Army's most proficient combat commander in that conflict. That Truscott was a noted horseman, an accomplished writer, and briefly a senior manager with the Central Intelligence Agency during the early Cold War makes Heefner's biography all the more interesting reading."—Timothy K. Nenninger, author of The Leavenworth Schools and the Old Army: Education, Professionalism, and the Officer Corps of the United States Army, 1881–1918
"At last, a biography and a subject worthy of each other! Heefner’s exhaustive archival research reveals the life of one of the most important but least known generals of World War Two, General Lucian Truscott. Critically, the author does not finish his account of the general’s life with the end of public glory in 1945. Great events were stirring, and Truscott continued to be part of them. He served as the senior CIA officer in postwar Germany at the height of the Cold War, and Heefner has been able to uncover many new details of this period in the general’s life. The author integrates these key roles of Truscott’s career into a seamless whole—the story of a life devoted to service.”—Caroline Cox, University of the Pacific, author of A Proper Sense of Honor: Service and Sacrifice in George Washington’s Army
“Instead of churning out another biography on Eisenhower or Patton, Heefner once again has written a masterful biography on a lesser known—but nonetheless important—American commander in World War II. Dogface Soldier stands alongside his biographies of Edwin D. Patrick and Walton H. Walker, men who may not be household names but contributed significantly to Allied victory. Truscott earned the respect of such figures as Dwight D. Eisenhower and George C. Marshall, and now Heefner explains what made Truscott worthy of that trust. Historians and military professionals are in debt to Heefner.”—Kevin C. Holzimmer, author of General Walter Krueger: Unsung Hero of the Pacific War
About the Author
About the Author
Wilson A. Heefner, a retired physician, lives in Stockton, California. He retired from the U.S. Army in the grade of colonel after forty-one years of service as an enlisted man, infantry officer, and medical officer in the Regular Army, Army National Guard, and U.S. Army Reserve. He is the author of Twentieth Century Warrior: The Life and Service of Major General Edwin D. Patrick and Patton's Bulldog: The Life and Service of General Walton H. Walker.
The American Military Experience Series, edited by John C. McManus.
Most helpful customer reviews
17 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
An overlooked General
By B. Washburn
General Lucian K. Truscott, Jr., played a pivotal role in the war in Italy, often refered to as the forgotten front. I've long waited for a good biography of this admirable man (I'm still hoping his grandson will write one) but have had to settle for less. This biography, by Wilson Heefner, is adequate. It covers "all the bases" - his birth, education, summarizes his peacetime Army life, and describes in some detail his work in Africa, Sicily, and above all Italy. It's a fine book for a lay historian, and makes an effort to make the varying battles and conditions in Italy understandable. Truscott was overshadowed by more colorful personalities, such as Patton, but he was a very smart and very capable commander, who shaped Third Army into a weapon to be feared by the Germans. Yet perhaps his most memorable moment came after the war in Italy was over - at the dedication of the American cemetery. Truscott was to address a distinguished gathering, and he mounted the podium, executed a perfect about-face, and addressed the dead. He apologized to them, talked to them, saluted them, and then he left the reviewing stand. As one who had a cousin lying in that cemetery, I will forever hold the General in high esteem for that act alone. This volume describes that day, and the remainder of Truscott's life (post-war occupation in Germany, CIA work, retirement) quite well. Overall, it's a volume I would recommend for anyone with an interest in "The Forgotten Front" and in the occupation of Germany and the Cold War.
12 of 13 people found the following review helpful.
It Could Have Been Better
By Steven Zoraster
This book provides detailed coverage of Lucian Truscott's service in the US Army from 1917 until his retirement. We are told about his participation in Army polo teams, his service in Britain during 1942 where he helped start the US Army Rangers, his command of the 3rd Infantry Division in Africa and Italy, commander of VI Corp US Army in Italy and France and finally command of XV, V and III US Armies during and after the end of World War II. There is much information, including Truscott's emphasis on training and conditioning, his innovative use of mules and donkeys as pack animals in Sicily and Italy. And much discussion of his deployment of various unites from regiments to divisions in Africa Sicily, Italy and France. Heck, there is even discussion of his use of cavalry during the Sicily campaign.
All very good: This combined information is not available in such detail in any other single source. Yet, there are two problems. First, the reader needs to have background in the organization of the US Army and its doctrine during World War II. Armored division units like Combat Command A (CCA) and Combat Command B (CCB) are thrown out without describing their composition or doctrine about their use. Regimental Combat Teams (RCTs) are presented in the same manner. Special Service Forces (SSFs) also get superficial treatment. If the reader knows about them already, fine. If not, the author does not provide any help.
The second problem: The author mentions interesting details which could be covered in a biography of this level of US Army officer, but does not pursue them. For example, he mentions maneuvers involving several divisions in the Washington State area before the more famous September 1941 Louisiana maneuvers. I had never heard of these earlier maneuvers, and lessons leaned from them about the relative effectiveness of triangular and square divisions. So what were the problems with square divisions? (A square division had four regiments instead of three.) I'd like to know more. The author is not going to tell us.
Later, in North Africa, the author informs the reader that the French Army was not particularly useful fighting the Germans in Tunisia in early 1943. I am not surprised, but surely the reader deserves some explanation? Was it poor morale? Was it poor doctrine? Was it poor recruits? I bet all of the above, plus more....
In Italy the author mentions problems in doctrine and training that hindered cooperation between US and British forces. What were these problems? British manpower shortages are mentioned as a source of difficulties, but other problems must have been important. They are left for the reader to guess.
There are more examples of missed opportunities in this book. One other problem was the maps. In general they were good, but... But, too often important positions or objectives mentioned in the text did not show up on the maps. Someone saved a few dollars in map compilation and made the book harder to understand.
So, while I found the book interesting in laying out the military experiences of one of the best US Army generals up to and during World War II, the author stopped short of writing a really useful book for the general reader, or for the more interested a knowledgeable specialist.
6 of 6 people found the following review helpful.
A solid, in-depth biography of an exemplary American military leader
By Midwest Book Review
Dogface Soldier: The Life of General Lucian K. Truscott, Jr. is a solid, in-depth biography of an exemplary American military leader, who President Eisenhower valued as second only to Patton, and who took over Patton's command from October 8, 1945 to April of 1946. Truscott pioneered new combat training methods such as the so-called "Truscott Trot", played a critical role in winning key battles in North Africa, Sicily, Anzio, and Southern France, and was highly respected by officers and "dogfaces" (rank-and-file soldiers) alike. Dogface Soldier reveals the civilian and military education, family, and friends that shaped Truscott's life, his military genius and expertise, and his service after the war - especially his efforts to improve living conditions for displaced Jews to remove Nazis from positions of power, and his involvement in the trials of German war criminals. An excellent addition to military biography shelves, public and college library reference shelves, Dogface Soldier is accessible to lay readers and historians alike and very highly recommended.
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