Senin, 29 Desember 2014

~ Download PDF Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, by Donna L. Potts

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Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, by Donna L. Potts

Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, by Donna L. Potts



Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, by Donna L. Potts

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Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, by Donna L. Potts

In Contemporary Irish Poetry and the Pastoral Tradition, Donna L. Potts closely examines the pastoral genre in the work of six Irish poets writing today. Through the exploration of the poets and their works, she reveals the wide range of purposes that pastoral has served in both Northern Ireland and the Republic: a postcolonial critique of British imperialism; a response to modernity, industrialization, and globalization; a way of uncovering political and social repercussions of gendered representations of Ireland; and, more recently, a means for conveying environmentalism’s more complex understanding of the value of nature.

 

Potts traces the pastoral back to its origins in the work of Theocritus of Syracuse in the third century and plots its evolution due to cultural changes. While all pastoral poems share certain generic traits, Potts makes clear that pastorals are shaped by social and historical contexts, and Irish pastorals in particular were influenced by Ireland’s unique relationship with the land, language, and industrialization due to England’s colonization.

 

For her discussion, Potts has chosen six poets who have written significant collections of pastoral poetry and whose work is in dialogue with both the pastoral tradition and other contemporary pastoral poets. Three poets are men—John Montague, Seamus Heaney, Michael Longley—while three are women—Eavan Boland, Medbh McGuckian, Nuala Ní Dhomhnaill. Five are English-language authors, while the sixth—Ní Dhomhnaill—writes in Irish. Additionally, some of the poets hail from the Republic, while others originate from Northern Ireland. Potts contends that while both Irish Republic and Northern Irish poets respond to a shared history of British colonization in their pastorals, the 1921 partition of the country caused the pastoral tradition to evolve differently on either side of the border, primarily because of the North’s more rapid industrialization; its more heavily Protestant population, whose response to environmentalism was somewhat different than that of the Republic’s predominantly Catholic population; as well the greater impact of the world wars and the Irish Troubles.

 

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Sabtu, 20 Desember 2014

# PDF Ebook Transcending the New Woman: Multiethnic Narratives in the Progressive Era, by Charlotte J. Rich

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Transcending the New Woman: Multiethnic Narratives in the Progressive Era, by Charlotte J. Rich

The dawn of the twentieth century saw the birth of the New Woman, a cultural and literary ideal that replaced Victorian expectations of domesticity with visions of social, political, and economic autonomy. Although such writers as Edith Wharton and Kate Chopin treated these ideals in well-known literature of that era, marginalized women also explored changing gender roles in works that deserve more attention today.            This book is the first study to focus solely on multiethnic women writers’ responses to the ideal of the New Woman in America, opening up a world of literary texts that provide new insight into the phenomenon. Charlotte Rich reveals how these authors uniquely articulated the contradictions of the American New Woman, and how social class, race, or ethnicity impacted women’s experiences of both public and private life in the Progressive era.            Rich focuses on the work of writers representing five distinct ethnicities: Native Americans S. Alice Callahan and Mourning Dove, African American Pauline Hopkins, Chinese American Sui Sin Far, Mexican American María Cristina Mena, and Jewish American Anzia Yezierska. She shows that some oftheir works contain both affirmative and critical portraits of white New Women; in other cases, while these authorsalign their multiethnic heroines with the new ideals, those ideals are sometimes subordinated to more urgent dialogues about inequality and racial violence.            Here are views of women not usually encountered in fiction of this era. Callahan’s and Mourning Dove’s novels allude to women’s rights but ultimately privilege critiques of violence against Native Americans. Hopkins’s novels trace an increasingly pessimistic trajectory, drawing cynical conclusions about black women’s ability to thrive in a prejudiced society. Mena’s magazine portraits of Mexican life present complex critiques of this independent ideal of womanhood. Yezierska’s stories question the philanthropy of socially privileged Progressive female reformers with whom immigrant women interact. These writers’ works sometimes affirm emerging ideals but in other cases illuminate the iconic New Woman’s blindness to her own racial and economic privilege.            Through her insightful analysis, Rich presents alternative versions of female autonomy, with characters living outside the mainstream or moving between cultures. Transcending the New Woman offers multiple ways of transcending an ideal that was problematic in its exclusivity, as well as an entrée to forgotten works. It shows how the concept of the New Woman can be seen in newly complex ways when viewed through the writings of authors whose lives often embody the New Woman’s emancipatory goals—and whose fictions both affirm and complicateher aspirations.

  • Sales Rank: #3226889 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: University of Missouri
  • Published on: 2009-01-30
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x 1.00" w x 6.00" l, 1.10 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 240 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

About the Author
Charlotte J. Rich is Associate Professor of English at Eastern Kentucky University.

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Selasa, 16 Desember 2014

* Download Ebook The Question of MacArthur's Reputation: Côte De Châtillon, October 14-16, 1918, by Robert H. Ferrell

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The Question of MacArthur's Reputation: Côte De Châtillon, October 14-16, 1918, by Robert H. Ferrell

The Question of MacArthur's Reputation: Côte De Châtillon, October 14-16, 1918, by Robert H. Ferrell



The Question of MacArthur's Reputation: Côte De Châtillon, October 14-16, 1918, by Robert H. Ferrell

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The Question of MacArthur's Reputation: Côte De Châtillon, October 14-16, 1918, by Robert H. Ferrell

Perhaps the best known of all American five-star generals, Douglas MacArthur established his military reputation at the hill of Châtillon during the great battle of the Meuse-Argonne in World War I. The thirty-eight-year-old brigadier general in command of the Eighty-fourth Infantry Brigade boasted to a fellow general that he had inspired his troops by example, taking the hill and breaking the main German line in northern France. Ever since, historical accounts and biographies have celebrated his leadership and bravery.            That MacArthur’s forces prevailed is beyond question, as military historians have shown. Yet in all the annals of the Great War there is no detailed description of what happened at Châtillon, nor of what MacArthur had to do with it. Robert Ferrell examines those events and comes to a startling conclusion—one that will revise how we view this archetypal American hero.            After sifting through the inexact accounts of the battle found in regimental and divisional histories—and through the many biographies of MacArthur that assert his leadership at Châtillon but do not describe it—Ferrell has gone into Army records to determine if what MacArthur claimed was true. In a moment-by-moment account of the battle, he reconstructs the movements of troops and the decisions of officers to show in detail how MacArthur’s subordinates were the true heroes.Ferrell describes how the taking of Côte de Châtillon could have been a disaster had the Eighty-fourth Brigade followed MacArthur's original plan, a bayonet charge at night. Wiser heads prevailed, and the attack of the Iowa and Alabama regiments was a great success.            Ferrell has completed a chapter in the history of World War I that has stood unfinished for years, showing in masterly fashion how MacArthur exaggerated his reputation at Châtillon. The Question of MacArthur’s Reputation will reward historians seeking to fill gaps in the record, engage readers who enjoy descriptions of battle, and startle all who take their heroes for granted.

  • Sales Rank: #2199274 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: University of Missouri
  • Published on: 2008-11-30
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.00" h x .60" w x 6.00" l, .75 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 128 pages
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  • Used Book in Good Condition

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5 of 17 people found the following review helpful.
An Honest Appraisal of our Army's Cesar
By Dr. Watson
Robert Ferrell presents a well-documented presentation of the one little-known and un-deserved military decoration given to MacArthur that he would use to embellish his resume and serve as a springboard for more rank and career mobility.

MacArthur is revealed once again (see "December 8, 1941: MacArthur's Pearl Harbor," Texas A&M University Military History Series, 87, by William H. Bartsch) as the inept leader he really was. Although Bartsch's book is more forthright than "MacArthur's Reputation," Ferrell does an adequate job presenting the picture of MacArthur's leadership from the rear, where, by the way, he was sending messages back to HQ that were not only inaccurate about the course of the battle, but false and filled with excuse-making.

MacArthur was the prima donna who couldn't take a stand against failed tactical planning by inept higher general staff officers. He was a "company man" who didn't want to rock the boat, as did General Robert A. Brown. By remaining silent in the face of an order that made no sense, MacArthur saved face...and his career. Unlike Colonel Conrad S. Babcock, MacArthur didn't do the right thing...he simply did nothing.

MacArthur, who was absent and in the rear, when action by his regiments took place, and took the credit for the success of Cote de Chatillion, which credit, really belonged to others of lesser rank.

After receiving the undeserved award following this World War I battle, MacArthur's vanity would reach new heights before, during, and after Pearl Harbor.

14 of 20 people found the following review helpful.
Poorly done, ably refuted by others
By Clement Finn
After serving us a rather pretentious title (it seems to imply MacArthur's entire reputation is in jeopardy, but the author is only focusing on a single incident from World War One) the opening shot of Mr. Ferrell's book is stated thus:
" General Douglas MacArthur made his reputation from an action toward the end of the World War on October 14-16, 1918: the taking of the Cote de Chatillon...." This of course is quite inaccurate, ignoring as it does MacArthur's other medals and decorations in his nearly one and one half year tour of duty in the Europe of World War I. MacArthur's reputation rested on more than just one battle. From this opening misfire, Mr. Ferrell goes on to accuse MacArthur of claiming all the credit for this victory (Cote de Chatillon) which is also simply wrong. In his own memoirs MacArthur gave credit to his subordinates whom he described as "indispensible". Simply put, MacArthur never claimed full credit for the Cote de Chatillon. That was a small part of his contribution to WWI. No one doubts MacArthur's flaws, they are quite evident in more comprehensive books such as William Manchester's brilliant "American Caesar". A single incident in life does not make or unmake any individual. We should of course, also remember also D. Clayton James multivolume "Years of MacArthur" which Mr. Manchester seemed to think superior to his own. Manchester once asked James for s short appraisal of MacArthur. James replied :"Hated him on Tuesday, loved him on Wednesday". And so it is... The following is from Col. Cole Kingseed's excellent review at the AUSA site. It points out not some of the foregoing issues and still other problems with this book:
"Reviewed by
COL Cole C. Kingseed
USA Ret.

"No American commander has generated more controversy than General of the Army Douglas MacArthur. He was a man of remarkable contradictions with a fragile ego where matters of personal honor were concerned. His World War II air commander, GEN George C. Kenney, may have penned the most accurate description of the controversial general when he stated, "Very few people really know Douglas MacArthur. Those who do, or think they do, either admire him or dislike him. They are never neutral on the subject." Robert H. Ferrell, professor emeritus at Indiana University and author of many books on American foreign relations, presidential history and military history, clearly falls in the camp of those who view Mac-Arthur in a less than favorable light.

In the past, those critical of Mac-Arthur have generally focused on his generalship in either World War II or Korea. World War I, in which Mac-Arthur emerged as one of the most highly decorated officers in the American Expeditionary Forces, has been generally off-limits. Until now, that is.

In The Question of MacArthur's Reputation, Ferrell examines then-BG MacArthur's leadership during a critical phase of the Meuse-Argonne offensive, when MacArthur's 84th Brigade of the 42nd (Rainbow) Division captured a group of hills called the Côte de Châtillon, the pivot of the Hindenburg Line.

In an effort to "set it all out," Ferrell ponders, "How did MacArthur end up with a reputation as a leader of men in battle, without actually leading his men in battle?" In sifting through the evidence, Ferrell concludes that MacArthur greatly exaggerated his role in the victory and that the true heroes of the battle were MacArthur's subordinates, chiefly battalion commanders Majors Lloyd D. Ross and Ravee Norris. Indeed, Ferrell asserts that the attack would have been an unmitigated disaster had the brigade followed MacArthur's original plan and launched a bayonet attack at night.

Where Ferrell's analysis fails upon more careful scrutiny is in his flawed premise and lack of familiarity with how military operations are actually conducted. MacArthur's reputation as "the greatest frontline general of the war," to use Secretary of War Newton Baker's term, was not defined by three days of combat in the Argonne Forest, but over the entire period of American involvement on the battlefields of Europe. Prior to the action in mid-October 1918, MacArthur served as chief of staff of the 42nd Division and as a brigade commander on the Western Front, receiving four Silver Stars and the Distinguished Service Cross. Côte de Châtillon merely added to his legend as a superb battlefield commander.

When the 42nd Division's field order to seize Côte de Châtillon was published, it called for MacArthur's brigade to do so in three hours. For not protesting this "dramatically silly" order from higher headquarters, Ferrell's MacArthur is either "incompetent" or "no leader of men." When subordinates make adjustments to the brigade's attack order, Ferrell's MacArthur does not decide--he merely "acquiesces." The reader gets the general impression that the 84th Brigade's regimental and battalion commanders make all the tactical decisions and the brigade commander merely goes along for the ride.

Ferrell also chides MacArthur for directing the operation from his command post 3 miles behind the front lines instead of leading the forward battalions in the assault. Ferrell opines that during several stages of the battle, MacArthur's presence with the forward elements might have eliminated confusion--far better to leave such decisions to the tactical commanders who routinely control forces in combat without the benefit of 20/20 hindsight.

Finally, Ferrell tackles "the question of GEN MacArthur's immodesty, his willingness to take credit" for the brigade's success.

As historian William Manchester notes in American Caesar, "All MacArthur's life, he was given to superlatives, and facts usually modified them," but Ferrell's allegation that MacArthur accepted all the credit for the capture of Châtillon simply does not ring true. In his own self-serving Reminiscences, MacArthur cites both Norris and Ross as indispensable to victory. Though his division and corps commanders recommended MacArthur for promotion and receipt of the Medal of Honor, MacArthur neither claimed that he was solely responsible for the brigade's success nor did he deny recognition to his junior officers.

If Ferrell's intention is to challenge the conventions of history, he has certainly succeeded. This brief monograph, less than 80 pages of text, calls into question MacArthur's tactical acumen and his heroism under fire in World War I.

One wonders how MacArthur received two Distinguished Service Crosses, one Distinguished Service Medal and a record seven Silver Stars in less than 18 months in France. You will not find the answer in MacArthur's Reputation."

-COL Cole C. Kingseed, U.S. Army Retired

24 of 36 people found the following review helpful.
Absolutely Distorts the Record
By Sam Bloberg
Robert H. Ferrell's account and analysis of General Douglas MacArthur during the major engagment at Cote de Chatillon is what he claimed MacArthur was guilty of, distorting the record and exaggerating his own role. I am a military historian with the Department of the Army, a World War I historian and published on the Meuse-Argonne offensive and especially the 42nd Division's role in the battle. It is hard to accept a sweeping revision of facts from a historian that does not understand the profession of arms and military history. It is just another example how the study of military history and scholarship has been lost in present-day academia. As a 25 year veteran of the Army and retired Lt. Col. I was amazed at Dr. Ferrell's lack of military scholarship. One does not have to a veteran to write military history but it sure helps. As for the scholarship of this work, I find that he began with a thesis and then went out to prove it collecting facts to support it. He completely ignored how MacArthur as a colonel and the division CofS went out on night patrols himself many, many times to ascertain and gather intelligence so "he" could brief the commanders of the division, brigades and regiments on the up coming operations. This was usually a task for a captain at best, but MacArthur often did it himself and he was awarded seven, count them, Silver Stars (star citations) for valor! Ferrell's weak premise that a night bayonet attack was a foolish tactic is not based on what a commander's true assessment should be. Yes, LTC Bare of the Alabama 167th Infantry was probably right in convincing MacArthur not to do it, but for other reasons more grounded reasons such as fatigue and lack of fire-support, other than the reasons that Ferrell outlines. After all, during the battle of Yorktown in 1781, a night bayonet charge took redoubts 9 and 10 on Washington's order. I understand the nature and lethality of modern warfare compared to Brown Bess musket balls, but surprise, leadership and what the enemy would never suspect often carried the day. What is amazing in the anaylsis is that MacArthur is nearly absent during most of the chapter(s) dealing with background and presentation, then suddenly MacArthur is bashed during the conclusion. The other matter is, there is a hidden unlying assumption in Ferrell's judgment that a brigade commander should be up front, leading platoons and companies as a junior officer. This is the same charge others have leveled against MacArthur as "dugout Doug" in the Philippines in 1942, a trite slogan that soldiers passed on because they did not understand the dynamics of the role and responsibility of an army commander. The slogan was amplified after the war as a political weapon against MacArthur if one traces it properly. At some point I thought Ferrell would call him a coward. Where does an army commander or a brigade commander post himself in a battle? There is no doubt that many have taken offense at MacArthur's incredible arrogance, his role in Korea and defiance to Truman, which his relief was justified; but one cannot assess the sum total of historical figure of six decades of military service in three wars based one incident or his human failings. I found this book, based on the title alone, even though I read it completely, just another attempt to soil the name and reputation of great American soldier. In graduate school I saw the same bitter hatred and animus for MacArthur because who he was and what he represented. Shame!

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^ Ebook Revered Commander, Maligned General: The Life of Clarence Ransom Edwards, 1859-1931 (American Military Experience), by Michael E. Shay

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Revered Commander, Maligned General: The Life of Clarence Ransom Edwards, 1859-1931 (American Military Experience), by Michael E. Shay

Major General Clarence Ransom Edwards is a vital figure in American military history, yet his contribution to the U.S. efforts in World War I has often been ignored or presented in unflattering terms. Most accounts focus on the disagreements he had with General John J. Pershing, who dismissed Edwards from the command of the 26th (“Yankee”) Division just weeks before the war's end. The notoriety of the Pershing incident has caused some to view Edwards as simply a “political general” with a controversial career. But Clarence Edwards, though often a divisive figure, was a greater man than that. A revered and admired officer whose men called him “Daddy,” Edwards attained an impressive forty-year career, one matched by few wartime leaders.            Michael E. Shay presents a complete portrait of this notable American and his many merits in Revered Commander, Maligned General. This long-overdue first full-length biography of General Clarence Edwards opens with his early years in Cleveland, Ohio and his turbulent times at West Point. The book details the crucial roles Edwards filled in staff and field commands for the Army before the outbreak of World War I in 1917: Adjutant-General with General Henry Ware Lawton in the Philippine-American War, first chief of the Bureau of Insular Affairs, and commander of U.S. forces in the Panama Canal Zone. Revered Commander, Maligned General follows Edwards as he forms the famous Yankee Division and leads his men into France. The conflict between Edwards and Pershing is placed in context, illuminating the disputes that led to Edwards being relieved of command.            This well-researched biography quotes a wealth of primary sources in recounting the life of an important American, a man of loyalty and service who is largely misunderstood. Photographs of Edwards, his troops, and his kin—many from Edwards’ own collection—complement the narrative.  In addition, several maps aid readers in following General Edwards as his career moves from the U.S. to Central America to Europe and back stateside. Shay’s portrayalof General Edwards finally provides a balanced account of this unique U.S. military leader.

  • Sales Rank: #3727324 in Books
  • Brand: Brand: University of Missouri
  • Published on: 2011-04-13
  • Original language: English
  • Number of items: 1
  • Dimensions: 9.25" h x 1.00" w x 6.13" l, 1.35 pounds
  • Binding: Hardcover
  • 288 pages
Features
  • Used Book in Good Condition

Review

“Clarence Edwards, World War I commander of the 26th National Guard Division is generally listed among the AEF generals found professionally wanting by General Pershing. Shay's nuanced and balanced account instead presents the ambitious and outspoken Edwards as having incurred Pershing's dislike well before the war—a dislike Pershing also felt for a Guard he considered ‘Boy Scouts.’ Edwards's dismissal epitomizes a century of friction between Guard and regulars that at times obscured their common status as citizen soldiers of a democratic republic.”—Dennis E. Showalter, author of Tannenberg: Clash of Empires, 1914



“This biography sheds much-needed light on the wartime service of Clarence Ransom Edwards, and it comprehensively portrays his extensive military career from his graduation at West Point to his service in World War I. Undoubtedly this book will cause some debate because it is the first in-depth examination of  Edwards’ controversial relationship with Black Jack Pershing.”—James J. Cooke, author of  Pershing and His Generals: Command and Staff in the AEF

About the Author

Michael E. Shay is a Senior Superior Court Judge in Connecticut. He has had a lifelong interest in American history, particularly the story of the 26th “Yankee” Division in World War I. His other books include Sky Pilots: The Yankee Division Chaplains in World War I and A Civilian in Lawton’s 1899 Philippine Campaign: The Letters of Robert D. Carter, both published by the University of Missouri Press.

The American Military Experience Series, edited by John C. McManus.

Most helpful customer reviews

4 of 4 people found the following review helpful.
Another Forgotten Hero
By david l. poremba
One of the most overlooked wars of the twentieth century is the First World War, as it is, at least for Americans, sandwiched between the Civil War and the Second World War. Granted, United States' participation in the Great War amounted to some seventeen months, from June, 1917 to November, 1918. it was, however, an event-filled year and a half, whereby the United States armed forces transitioned from guarding their own frontiers to participation on the world stage. The professional officers behind this transition are largely unknown to all but the serious student or specialist.
Major General Clarence Edwards was one of these career officers who took an active role in this transition; in Edwards' case, it was the culmination of a very active career, beginning with his graduation from West Point in 1883. After sixteen years on and off the US frontier, he missed the war in Cuba but saw very active combat duty in the Philippines as Adjutant-General under General Henry Lawton, an active commander who was killed in action in the islands. Edwards' next post, in 1900, was to the Bureau of Insular Affairs, where he would serve as chief for the next twelve years. This bureau oversaw United States possessions such as Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii and the Philippines Islands. As a bureau chief, Edwards was in an almost independent command, hobnobbing with presidents, politicians and general officers, all in the course of a business day. This duty conditioned him to be less than the ideal subordinate, especially in France in 1917-1918, where he would serve under the mercurial General John J. Pershing, an officer he had previously served with and did not get along with. Hence his maligned reputation during World War I.
Author Shay puts the record straight in this first full length biography of the Commanding Officer of the 26th Yankee Division, known affectionately as "Daddy" to the troops under his command.

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